My grandfather served in the Marine Corps during World War II, and until recently I did not know much about what he had done during this time. He died when I was young, so I did not have the opportunity to talk with him about his experiences. My mom, however, let me scan in a journal that he kept when he was deployed to Guadalcanal. For a long while, I had intended to transcribe his journal. I have finally been able to do this with some difficulty.
My grandfather was almost 22 when he enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1940, and he was 24 with rank of Private First Class when he landed at Guadalcanal August 7, 1942. In his journal, he records his experiences during the
Battle of Guadalcanal until November 11. I do not know what happened after November 11. I do know he was at Guadalcanal at least until December 8, 1942, but I am not sure if he quit making journal entries or if his remaining journal entries have been lost.
His journal was written with very little punctuation and misspellings, so some parts were difficult to decipher. It appears that a couple of pages may have been lost or incomplete. Again, it is not clear whether this was because some pages were lost or because he was unable to complete some of the entries. At the end of the journal, he started misdating his entries. I imagine at this point there was a lot of action that may have contributed to his misdating the entries and ceasing the journal after November 11. I have edited his text for misspellings and punctuation. Other than punctuation, I did not correct grammar because I wanted the text to read as I imagined he spoke. In a few places, I used brackets [] to enclose words I added that I thought he may have omitted.
I will probably find another way to post his journal other than my blog, but for now this is the most convenient place to publish it. In some places, what my grandfather has written is disturbing, but he does not go into a lot of detail of what he sees. If you see any mistakes in what I have written or have more information on any of the details that my grandfather wrote, please let me know.
P.F.C. James L. Hardeman
U.S.M.C. 1942
August 7, 1942
We landed on Guadalcanal on August 7. We met no opposition when we hit the beach. By several minutes we knew the Japs had retreated to the hills. We sent several patrols into the hills. Every one killed some Japs. We sent one Battalion out in the hills. They killed 178 Japs. The Japs attempted to land on Guadalcanal. They were annihilated, all except two men. They [were] taken prisoner. There were one thousand and fifty-four killed. We made [the] Japs prisoners bury them. Corporal J. S. Bubeniski was killed from our own antiaircraft guns. Everybody like him. Since we have been on
the island, we have had ten air raid, and we have also been shelled
by ships and subs. We keeps praying for our planes to comes. They
finally came August 24 and what a wonderful sight. We were attacked
from the air by lights bombers and four Japs zeros fighters. We shot
down five bombers. They dumped there eggs on the airport.
They said today we were going back to New Zealand. They say the U.S. Army
landed in New Caledonia.
We sure hope they get...
{There appears to be a gap between what is written here and the next entry}
Our planes have taken off to take care
of them. At the same time our dive bombers are bombing a task force
which is [a] hundred [and] twenty miles away. We received dope that
one transport was hit by a thousand pound bomb. Also a cruiser. I
don't believe they will get here. One of our fighters planes crash
about one hundred yards from us today. The pilot bailed out and was
pick up by our boat. He was O.K
We had a quiet night. I hope the day is
quiet. There was some machine gun fire in the First Marina area.
Don't [know] what it was about. At noon today sixteen Japs bombers
laid their eggs on the field. I seen two Japs bombers go down. Our
dive bombers have return and some of fighters return. Hope they all
return. We heard today unofficially [that] the Army is believed [to
be] in Saturday. Still hoping. We are moving out in the hills today to
see if we can find the Japs.
Today we are going on patrol. We are
now in open boats. We are going to make a landing here, hoping we
make contact with the Japs. We contacted the Japs. We had two men
killed and eight wounded. We killed fifty Japs. We are staying here
tonight.
We return from the patrol. Captain Joe
killed one Jap. I saw him. His inside we[re] hanging out.
At four o'clock this morning a few Japs
bombers drop some eggs. No damage done. Noon today eighteen Japs bombers came
over. Our antiaircraft got one.
We
had an air raid this morning. No japs planes approached. There is a
storm blowing up from the south. Hope it keep the Japs away. We are
now waiting for an
air raid. I hope our planes intercept them. These air raids scare me,
but I like to stand and watch the dog fight. Major Fuller is now
commanding the First Battalion. Colonel Maxwell was relieved, So was
Captain Jones [and] Captain Hawkins. Some of the officers are going
to a meeting. I hope they get some good dope. The Army is still
coming but no one seem to know.
At
1505 we were attacked by Japs dive bombers. One of our
APD
ships was sunk. It
went down in about two two minutes. It was a pretty sight, but I
hated to see it go. Don't know how many men were killed yet, but
hoping for the best. They say the Army may not be in for two weeks.
If this keeps up, I will be a nervous wreck.
At 0030
this morning we were suddenly awakened by naval guns. We
believe that our Navy interrupted the Japs cruisers and destroyers headed this way. Only one
bomb was dropped today. At 1555
sighted four ships that looks like transports. Not
Sure. They are over at Tulagi.
I hope it is the Forward Echelon
of the Army. At 1800
received word that Regimental
Headquarters was leaving tomorrow and that we will be off the
Island in ten days. I hope this is true. Something is up. Our
fighters took off and are warming there guns up. Nothing has happen
yet.
At 0600 a supply ship came into Kukum.
I believe it was one of the boys. Went over to find out. I hope he bring back good
dope. They have supplies and mail. Hope I get a letter. Quiet day. Hope
nothing happen tonight.
At
0450 this morning some Japs bombers drop some bombs. No one
was hurt. We are getting mail today. We were bombed by
eighteen Japs bombers. They set fire to our ammo dump.
We were shelled at about
0100 this morning by a Jap sub. No damage done. Today as a
whole was very quiet. Our supply ship brought stuff for the new
airport. The Army is still coming.
We had a good night sleep. Another ship
come in this morning. I believe it is a supplies ship. Another quiet
day. No bombers.
At about
0100 we were shelled by about four Japs subs. They really
shelled us this time. They sank two of our ships. At
1030 today enemy bombers were near. Our
planes intercepted them. They dropped bombs at our ships but missed.
Our planes went to town on them. A Jap task force of thirty three ship are headed in this direction. They are
due in about 0500 in the
morning. We are hoping
that they will not get here, but if they do, you can bet your life we
will give them hell. God is with us. We can't... Well it is morning
and they never got here.
Today
so far has been quiet. All of our planes went out about 1130 this
morning and
did not return until 1500. I hope they did some damage.
Today we have been on this [island] 31 days. All is quiet.
We had another
air raid today. Twenty six Japs bombers. I seen one shot down. It was
a wonderful sight. Nothing else has happen today.
Twenty six Japs
bombers came over today. One bombs landed about two hundreds yards
from where I was in my hole and how the ground
tremble. Three men were hurt.
Last night we
were shelled by five Japs ships. The biggest shelling we have had.
Some of the shelled landed about twenty five yards in front of my
hole. It shook like of bowl of
jelly. They turned big search lights on us we call them search light Joe.
Had an air raid today. No bombers seen.
We were shelled again last night. Not
as bad as the night before. The Japs moved down from the hills on us.
There was a bunch of them. The Third Battalion Fifth gave them a
beating. We had a few casualties but the Japs had plenty. They are
still counting them. There was over three thousand dead Japs and what
a stink. They blew a big hole in the ground and pile the Japs in by
the dozen.
We had an air raid today. They never got here. They say our
aircraft carrier intercepted them. They said there was a hundred
bombers headed this way and eighty five was shot down. Late this
afternoon twenty Japs seaplanes came over. Our fighters shot down all
of them. The night was quiet.
We had an air raid today. No planes
were seen. We haven't had any much for the last
We haven't had any trouble today so
far. The night was quiet. It is three o'clock now, and there is some
big gun firing. I think it is our artillery. Also have some machine gunfire. Guess
they are getting some more Japs. It is now seven o'clock. and we have
some fighters planes up. Just got good dope [that]
the Seventh Marine are due in the morning.
Hope so.
Well it is morning and there are
several ship in. I guess it is the Seventh Marine. Every one is very happy. I was up the
beach and I watch them bury a Japs. Half of his head was blown off.
Well today has been very quiet. Our ship shot down
one of our dive bomber. They thought it was an enemy planes. We had a
shelling last night. Think it was a sub.
It was a quiet night and a quiet day.
Hope it stay this way.
September 20, 1942
Got word this morning that Roosevelt
Deatid?? Cherry
Point, N.C. to the First Marine Division, and that we would be back
home by Christmas. Nothing happen today. All was quiet.
{Not sure what one of the words is on this page. If anyone can decipher this word, please let me know what it is.}
Our planes were strafing the Japs and
bombing them. Hope they do a good job.
We thought we saw three Japs crawling
up last night, so we open up, but it was only the tall grass. Everything was quiet.
We dug more hole today. I have dug so
many hole I am beginning to look like a hole. We had an air raid
about three o'clock today. I counted eighteen planes. I saw four
fall. One blew all apart in the air, and it sure was a pretty sight.
It is about two o'clock and we are
waiting for an air raid. Will try to get a description of what
happen. The condition is now yellow. The Japs bombers just came in
to sight. There is twenty six of them and our planes really went to
work on them. I saw several of them fall. One of our fighter was on
fire,but I think he landed all right. The
Japs bombs missed the airport about three thousand, but miss is only about a
thousand yard. There was only about eight plane got away. Our fighter are doing the
Victory Roll. We sure have got some good pilots. Best in the world. I
just got the word [that] twenty-two out of twenty-six was shot down.
Today we stood by for two air raid. The
condition was red, but no plane show up. Guess they were afraid after
what happen yesterday. The day was very quiet.
Last night one of our machine gun open up. Thought the
Japs had attacked, but I guess they didn't.
Today was quiet, but it rain all night
last night, and we had to sleep in the wet and cold.
Everything is very quiet today. We had
an air raid. No plane came.
This morning at ten minutes past four
we had an air raid. Couldn't see the planes but they dropped their
eggs. We stood by for another air raid today. but the
planes did not get here.
It is now one o'clock, and we are
waiting for an air raid, but it will never get here. I just saw three
Japs Zeros fighters strafe the airports. Saw one catch on fire and go
down, and another went down in the hills. What a sight.
Last night a Jap plane came over and
drop one bomb no damage do. We expect a cruisers and four destroyers,
but they didn't get here. The Japs are slipping.
Today was quiet. No air raid or
nothing.
I was down at the airport yesterday
looking at all of the plane. I had a nice day.
Today we have been on this Island two
months and it has been worse than prison.
Today it is raining like the devil. We
have several Marines out in the hills. They are going to wipe the
Japs clear off the Island. They supposed to attack at sunrise while
our planes bombs and strafe them.
Everything was quiet today. The marine
out in the hills killed about fifteen hundred Japs. Not bad. Soon be dropping their bombs. They are
coming over my head. They drop their bombs. What a smoke they made.
The Japs are still firing from the hills. We have had a busy time
the last two day. Nine more Japs planes came over and dropped their
bombs. Two of the planes were hits. I saw one fall, and one turn back
smoking. We are standing by for another air raid. We have seen
several picture show here, but they are more danger than looking at a
movie on a screen.
This morning about two o'clock, we had
another shelling from the sea by some more Japs ships. The Japs in
the hills are still firing over this way. Those Japs ships
that was shelling us last night are still here this morning. They have transports and
are embarking troops. Looks like we are going to catch hell. We haven't got any
planes. Look like they have forgotten [that] we are on the island.
We have some planes here now, and they are bombing those Japs ships.
One has sunk. Two others are hit. They are giving the Japs hell. We
just had a big air raid. I saw twenty-two Japs bombers, and they
really dropped a load of eggs over the airport. This afternoon as we were moving down
on the back, the Japs were firing artillery
over to our left, and we thought it was
safe, but they move it right in line with us, and the shell begin to
hit close. One shell fell within ten feets of us. One fellow got
hurt. Not bad. I thank the Lord for saving us.
They say our Navy wiped out the Japs
Navy and that our fleets is out in the bay. I am going to find out for myself. Hope it is true.
We had another air raid today. They
dropped their eggs. Souder turn in the sick bay today.
We had another shelling from the sea
last night. We had another air raid today. Six Marine killed and
sixteen wounded.
The night was quiet for a change. we
stood by for an air raid, but no planes ever came.
We had an air raid today, but they
didn't get here.
We had an air raid today. Several
Marine got killed.
We had an air raid today, and they
dropped their eggs on the airport. Few Japs planes were shot down.
The Japs are still using their artillery up. Had another air raid
last night. They keep us plenty busy.
We had another air raid today. Our
fighters down all the Japs planes, sixteen bombers, and eleven zeros
fighters. There was another wave headed this way, but they got yellow
and turn back.
The Japs attacked at three different
places last night, and they were stop dead in their track.
The Army is doing good.
The Japs started shelling pretty early
this morning. Then there was some zero fighters come over and strafe
us. Our antiaircraft knocked eleven down, and our planes knock down
seven zero fighters and five bombers.The Japs were shelling us this
afternoon, and one of the shell hit the corner of our emplacement.
Boy that was close.
Nothing much happen today, except the
Japs shelled us again.
We had an air raid today, but no planes
came. Our planes knock out one of the Japs big gun today. We moved out in the
hills. What a walk.
We work all day today building fire
lane. Boy is this jungle thick. The Japs are pretty quiet today.
Our Artillery open up on the Japs
today, and our planes strafed them.
Five of our ships shelled the Japs
today. Nothing else happen.
They pull us out of the hill today.
Guess we will go after the Japs.
The Fifth started the drive on the Japs
today. Our boys rushed right into a trap. The Japs raised hell for a while.
Several of my best friend got killed. They sure did cut my company
down. Hope they make out good now.
Our boys are having a pretty tough
time. Just got dope. They are giving the Japs hell. They killed
plenty of them already.
(Actually Read Oct. 3, 1942)
They pulled out the Fifth today. The
boy were all worn out. We are moving back to red beach.
The Japs attacked again last night in a
different place, but the boy are giving them hell. Our ships are shelling them now.
The Eight Marine and the Tenth came in today. What a branch of men.
Three Japs destroyers tried to sneak in and sink our transports, but
our cruiser sunk them.
Our plane are up now. Don't know w'ere
it is an air raid or not. Our ship are still in the bay. It is two
o'clock. The air raid alarm has sounded. Here come the bombers. There are eighteen of them. They drop
their load at the airport. Our antiaircraft knock down
four. They say our planes knocked down seventeen out at sea. Pretty
good.
(Actually Read October 6, 1942)
Everything is very quiet so far. Hope
it stay that way. We have two ships in today.
(Actually Read October 7, 1942)
The ship are still out there. About
1000 o'clock one of our ship got hit by a torpedo. It
was hit at midship. It did not sink. They say 5 got the sub.
It is six o'clock. All of your (our?) plane have taken off. They
spotted eleven Japs ships. Hope they make out. Eight o'clock...
There are some of our ships in the bay
today. At 1000 o'clock Japs dive bombers attacked your ships. No damage done.
Our ships knock down four Japs planes. At 1230 o'clock, we had an
air raid. There were twenty Japs bombers. They drop their load right in front of us. Boy
was I scared. I sure was praying. I guess
the Lord heard me. At three o'clock, standing by for another air
raid. No planes were seen.